Machine for forming type-matrices



(No Model.)

@mascia 7 Sheets-Sheet 1. O. MERGENTHALER.

MACHINE FOR PORMING TYPE MATRIGES.

Patented Deo. 15, 1885.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 2. O. MERGBNTHALER.

MACHINE FOR PORMING TYPE MATRIGES. No. 332,354. Pa. nted Dec. 15, 1885.

'i sheets-sheet a.

(No Model.)

0 MERGENTHALBR MACHINE PoR PORMING TYPE MATRIGBS. No. 332,354.

Patented Deo. 15, 1885.

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(No Model.) 7 sheets-sheet 4. 0. MBRGENTHALER.

MACHINE POR FORMING TYPE MATRIGES. No. 332,354. Patented'neo. 15, 1885.

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(No Model.) Y 7 Sheets-Sheet 5. 0. MERGENTHALER.

MACHINE POR PORMING TYPE MATRIGES. No. 332,354. l Patented Dec. 15,1885.

Oil/17am? Weyy/a Z671 (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 6. 0. MERGENTHALER.

MACHINE FOR PORMING TYPE MATRIGBS. No. 332,354. l Patented Dec. 15,1885.

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0. MBRGBNTHALBR. MACHINE FOR IPORMING TYPE MATRIGES. I l No. 332,354.Patented Deo. 15, 1885.

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UNITE STATES PATENT tricea OTTMAR MERGENTHALER, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND,ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE NATIONAL TYPOGRAPHIC COMPANY, OFVASH.

INGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

MACHINE FOR FORlVIING TYPE-MATRICES.

SPECIFICATION 'forming part of Letters Patent No. 332,354, datedDecember 15, 1885.

Application filed June 27, 1883, Serial No. 99,328. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that l, OTTMAR MERGE-N- THALER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland,

have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for FormingType-Matrices, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to those machines which are employed for producingtype-im- Io pressions on a strip or strips of paper or other flexible orpliable material designed for use as a matrix for stereotypes; and itconsists in an improved construction and combination of variouselements, which will be hereinafter fully described, and specified inthe claims.

My invention relates more particularly to lthe class of machines shownin an application for Letters Patent filed by me upon the 15th day ofMarch, 1883, and has for its object to produce type-impressions upon aplasticstrip by means ot' mechanism whereby any desired number of typesmay be successively selected and spaced and the entire seriessimultaneousl y impressed upon the plastic strip,instead of making aseries of successive single impressions and spacing by the feed movementof the plastic strip, each impression giving a matrix representing asingle line of justified matter or an integral part of said line.

My invention also has for its object to produce a single continuousimpressed strip, which may be used as a matrix for a stereotype-mold,the type impressions and spacing being effected by the printingmechanism in such manner that at each action upon the plastic strip afull line or some integral part of a full line of justified matter isimpressed thereon.

My invention also'has for its object to pro 4o vide means forautomatically selecting the required type, bringing them into alignmentwith the strip, and after the impression is effected releasing andrestoring said type to their original position in readiness for a new 45 selection; also, to combine with the impressing mechanism any desirednumber of type-strips, each carrying a series of independent types andquadrats or spacing-blocks, said strips being adapted to shiftlongitudinally to bring 5o the selected types into alignment, andmechanism 'for locking thelatter together, the quadrats being providedwith elastic connections interposed between them and the adjacent types,whereby the operation of the locking mechanism justifies the entire lineby the yield of the elastic connections upon the quadrate; also, tocombine with the mechanism for locking the selected types, devices forimpressing the plastic strip upon the faces throughout the entirelnesimultaneously by rapidly-repeated impactions upon the rear face of thematrixstrip; also, to combine with the type-strips, each carrying aseries of independent types and quad-rats, a corresponding series ofselecting-pins, which are brought opposite each 'type-stripsuccessively, a series of keys which throw the pins against the types,and feeding mechanism by which the selecting-pins are between eachselection brought into position to engage with the types in the stripnext succeeding; also, to provide mechanism whereby after the selectionof type in each typestrip is effected the whole number of typestrips areshifted, and the selected types brought into alignment with each otherand with the plastic matrix-strip, and after the impression is made areagain shifted to their original position,in readiness for a newselection and impression; also, to produce automatic mechanism wherebyan entire line or an integral part of an entire line of matter may beset up with the proper spacings and other symbols used in printing, theselected types and space-blocks be brought into alignment, the entireline justified and locked in position to impress a plastic matrix-strip,the impression be taken, the types unlocked, and the type-carryingdevices restored to a position for the next succeeding selection andinipression, the type-selecting pins and the plastic strip being fed orvadvanced between each type-selection and line-impression, respectively.

Figures l, l, and 1b represent a tcp plan view of the apparatus, theparts being broken at the limits of each sheet. Fig. 2 is a transversevertical section taken in the plane 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontalsection showing part of the type aligning and supporting devices with asingle type-carrying IOO Strip, the parts being enlarged for clearerillustration. Fig. 4 is a detail section enlarged, showing a singletype-strip, the type-selecting pin with its support, and part of the keyoperating said pin. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective showing part of thetype-locking devices. Fig. 6 is a vertical section illustrating theconstruction of the frame carrying the type-aligning andmatrix-impressing mechanism. Fig. 7 is a transverse section,and Fig. 8is a longitudinal section, showing the carrying-pulleys and the supportfor the cords which shift the typestrips. Fig. 9 is a face view and anedge elevation of the cam actuating the type-locking and linejustifyingdevices.- Fig. 10 is a similar view of the cam whichactuates the slidingframe carrying the type aligning and supporting devices together withthe matrix-impressing mechanism. Fig. 11 is a similar View of the camwhich raises the weight by which the type-selecting pins are fed overthe type-strips during each selection. Fig. 12 is a similar view of thecam actuating the devices which shift the type-strips and advance thematrix-strip between each line-impression, each of thefour Camsillustrated in the figures l last named being shown in their truerelative position. Fig. 13 is a detail elevation of the worm shaft andgear by which motion is communicated from the main shaft to thecarnshaft, the ratchet and pawl and pawl-tripping devices beingindicated by dotted lines. Fig. 14 is a detail ofthe pawl-trippingdevice shown in Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is acentral vertical section of Fig.13. Fig. 16 is a detail plan view of part of one of the. type-strips,showing the under surface of said strip with the type connected.- Fig.17 is a central section taken longitudinally with the strip andtransversely to the type in Fig. 16, the relative positions ot' thetype-strips being indicated by dotted lines representing a second stripbeneath the rst. Fig. 18 is a cross-section showing the two type-stripswith the type connected, theintermediate strip being represented ascarrying a Quadrat having elastic connection with the same. Fig. 19 is adetail perspective of a single type detached from the strip. Fig. 20 isa detail perspective of one of the strips, showing the device by whichthe quadrat is connected therewith. Fig. 21 is a detail perspective of asingle quadrat or spacingblock with the elastic device whereby itisattached to the supportingstrip.

In Figs. 16 to 21, inclusive, the parts are enlarged for the purpose ofillustration.

In order to simplify the description of my invention, I will take eachpart as nearly as possible in the order of its operation, and havingshown the construction and pointed out the function of the devicesseparately I will append a sufficient description of the operation as awhole to give a clear understanding of the same.

A in the drawings indicates the foundation upon which the operativeparts are supported, consisting of a fiat horizontal slab of suitabledimensions. Near vits center s arranged a frame, A', having its upperand lower sections connected bythe rods A, the lower section beingsecurely bolted to the foundation A.

Near the front edge of the table A, upon one side of its central point,is placed a shaft, B, supported by standards B B, having a height nearlyequal to that of the'frame A.

`This shaft B carries a series of keys, B2, ar-

ranged at equal intervals and separated by intervening sleeves b. Eachkey is provided with a nger-plate, b', having an alternate arrangement,as shown in Figs. 1 and la, to secure economy of space, and has adownwardlyextending arm, b2, (see Fig. 2,) of a length somewhat greaterthan that of the arm carrying the finger-plate b. A strip, B3, screwedto the plate A, serves as an attachment for a series of spiral springs,b3, which are connected with each key, and by which the latter arenormally raised, thereby throwing the downwardly-extending arm b2 towardthe rear.

Behind'the shaft B are placed vertical stan'dards or guides B, (shown inFigs. 1 and 1) which serve to support a vertically-moving frame, B5,formed of two parallel strips-having an open notch in each end toreceive the standards B- Between the strips of said frame are placedspiral springs b", surrounding pins b5, the latter having horizontalarrangement and passing completely through both strips of the frame. Oneend ofthe springs b4 bears against the rearward strip of the frame B5,and the other against a detent, b, upon each pin b5, whereby the latterare normally thrown toward the arm b of the keys, the detents b servingto limit the movement of the pins in that direction. The number of pinsin the frame B5 is equal to the whole number of keys upon the shaft B,and the pins are placed at such intervals that they are exactly oppositesaid keys. By operating thelatter, which isrdone by depressing 'thefinger-plates b', the arms b2 are thrown against the ends of pins b5,and the latter are projected toward the rear against the tension of thesprings b, as shown in Fig. 4, the pins sliding easily in theperforations in the parallel strips of the frame Bf.

The spring-actuated pins, operated by the keys in the manner described,are used in the selection of the type from the type-carryingstrips,which are shown in Figs. la and 1b, and in detail enlarged inFigs. 16, 17, and-'18. Each strip C consists of a long plate of metalhaving a width equal to a little more than halt` the length of the type.Upon the under surface of each strip are secured transversesupporting-plates C C', (see Figs. 16 and 17,) hav-v ing nibs c c ateach end adapted to enter grooves c3 in the body of the type c2, wherebythe latter are supported in such manner that one side of the type liesclosely against the strip C, at the same time permitting the type toslide freely transversely of the strip. Each strip is provided with asufficient number `of IOO IIO

type to represent the entire alphabet, no t only in capitals, but inlower ease, as well as the usual punctuations, and at least one quadrat.These are arranged at equal intervals upon the strip C, the spacesbetween each bei-ng equal to the distance between the type-selectingpins b5, whereby the latter when actuated by the keys are caused tostrike the bottom of the type-body and project the lat-ter slightlytoward the rear ofthe machine. The type-strips C, each provided with itsfull complement of types, as already described, are arranged one uponthe other, as seen in Figs. 17 and 18. Any desired number of suchstrips, parallel with each other,may be used, the arrangement being suchthat,beginning with thelower strip, a single type, mark, or quadrat maybe selected from each strip in succession, the selected type readingupward. The number of type-strips used may be varied to any desireddegree.

In order to effect the selection of the type in the order mentioned, thevertical arms of the keys are extended downward, as shown in Fig. 2,until their extremities are in the plane of the lower type-strip. Therebeing a single series only of type-selecting pins b5, the latter are soarranged as to have vertical adjustment with a step-by-step movement,each step being equal to the distance between the adjacent typestrips.This feed of the type-pins is accomplished by the means and in themanner following: The type-pin frame B5, guided by the verticalstandards Bt, is supported by a rod, B6. (Shown in Figs. l and 2.) Thisrod has bearings in the upperand lower plates, A A', and extends aboveand below the saine, an eye being attached to its lower end to receive acord,D, running over sheaves d and d', and provided atits end with aweight, D. The action of this weight tends to raise the rod BUvertically in its bearings, thereby carrying the type-pin stripcontinuously upward. The step-by-step movementis obtained by thefollowing devices: The upper portion ot' the rod B is toothed upon twoopposite sides, the distance between any two adjacent teeth being equalto the interval between the successive type-strips, and thereforemeasuring the length of each step or feed movement ofthe type-pin strip.These teeth or serrations bl are so formed that t-hose upon one side ofthe rod alternate with those upon the other side, their longer edgesbeing divergent upwardly. Upon the upper plate, A', and upon each sideofthe rod B6, is mounted a standard, A3, furnishing pivotal support fortwo levers, E and E, each having the form of a bell-crank. Each lever ispivoted at its angle to the standards A, each having a horizontal and avertical arm, the vertical arms being arranged one upon each side of therod B6 and opposite the serrated face. The vertical arms are of unequallength, the difference being equal to the interval between thesuccessive serrations, and upon the lower end of each is formed a tooth,adapted to engage with the serrations bl of the rod. The latter beingalternated, as already described, it will be seen that when either oneof said arms is in engagement with the rod B6 the other will be out ofco ntact with its tooth, lying midway between the notches bl. The upperarms of the levers E Eextend from their pivotal points over the keys B2and terminate at the same point, an eye being formed in the extremity ofeach to receive a connecting-rod, e. A leaf-spring, e', mounted upon oneof the standards A, bears upon the rear ofthe vertical arm of the leverE, and normally retains its tooth in engagement with the serrated rod B,at the same time holding the horizontal arms ot' both levers up in theposition shown in Fig. 2. The lower end ot' the connecting-rod e is at-.lached to a bar, el, carried by links c3 el, pivotally mounted upon theends of the shaft B, the bar el being arranged just beneath the keys B2.

The operation of these parts is as follows: Let it be supposed that thetype-pin series is in the plane of the lower type-strip. Havingascertained what type should be selected therefrom, the correspondingkey (indicated by the type-symbol upon the finger-plate b') is operated,thereby projecting the type-pin and pushing the selected type partly outof rank with the other members of the series in which it stands. Thedepression of the key B2 at the same moment draws the bar e3 downward,thereby, through the connecting-rod e, operating the levers E and Esimultaneously, disengaging the toothed arm of the latter from theserra-ted rod B, and at the same moment throwing the toothed arm of thelever E against the opposite side ot' the said rod. The latter being nowfree to move, rises until it is arrested by the tooth upon the lever E,at which moment the key B2 is depressed to its lowest point. The fingerofthe operator being now removed, the spiral spring bl raises thedepressed key, the leaf-spring e throws the toothed arm of the lever Eout of the notch with which it has engaged, and at the same momentpushes the toothed arm of the lever E back against the rod. The latter,being released by the withdrawal ofthe toothed lever E, again risesuntil it is arrested by thc lever E', the feed movement being thusaccomplished by two separate steps, each being onehalll the length ofthe required adjustment. It will readily be seen that at each depressionof any one of the keys by which the selectingpins are operated thetype-pin series is advanced a single interval, bringing it into theplane of the succeeding type-strip from which the next selection is tobe made. It should be noted that in practice the serrations bl in therod B6 are cut of such depth that the arm b2 ot' the key will fullyactuate the type-pins before'the toothed lever E' is fully withdrawnfrom the notch with which it engages, thereby delaying therise of thetype-pin series until the type selection is completed. Each type-strip Cis supported by a strong cord, F, having its ends attached to eachextremity of the strip. Near each end of the platform A is placed asheave, F', over which the cord passes. These IOO IIO

sheaves are so arranged that the cords F run l channel i2 a very littlebeyond the rear edges in rear of and parallel with the type-pin series,and from the said sheaves F F' the cords pass overA a driving-roll, F2.This roll is grooved, as shown in Fig. 2, and by operating it in onedirection the cords F will shift all the type-strips until they liedirectly behind the. type-pins b5. The ends of said strips abut againsta shoulder, a, formed in the standard ro A4, upon which the sheave ismounted, and are thereby brought into accurate position for thetype-selection.

The mechanism whereby the strips are autonlaticallyl shifted in bothdirections will be described hereinafter.

At the end of the platforln Aopposite that at which the type-pins areplaced I arrange guideways G G, parallel with each other, having anarrow interval between. .Upon these 2o ways is mounted a travelingsupport, G', havinga central strip entering the space between theguides, and having a vertical standard, G2, pierced at intervals withopenings g, to receive the cords F, and having transverse '25 channelsor notches g' cut in its outer face and registering with each apertureg. j

To each end of the lower portion, G', is attached a strong cord, g2,passing over a roll upon each of the shafts carrying the 3o sheaves FF', and over a roll, g3, upon the shaft of the actuating-roll F2. Thefunction of this traveler is as follows: When the type-- 4o l and l',each forming part of two rectangular frames, L and L', respectively,and'said strips pass over a block, l, which forms part of the frame L.

The device last named consists of a rectangular structure set verticallyin grooved ways cut longitudinally in the right side ofthe upper andlower plates A', as shown in Fig. 6, said frame having a slidingmovement in the direction of its length. The block I2 rises from 5o thelower bar ofthe frame L, near its forward end, and is of such heightthat when the typestrips are shifted in either direction its end willclear the type upon the lower strip by a short interval. The forwardvertical bar of the frame L is composed of two parallel plates7 t. z',with a plate, t', detachably secured to their forward edges and closingthe opening between them. The space thus formed is occupied by aclamping-bar, I3, which, by mechanism hereinafter described, hasvertical movement within the space formed by the plates i and i. Thisbar, which is shown in detail in Figs. 3 and 5, has a verticalrectangular channel, i, formed in its rear edge, said channel being ofsuch width as to admit the'lbottoms of the types, and

the said channeled edge projects from the block I far enough to carrythe bottom of the of the plates z' 1). The upper end of the clamping-barF is provided with a rearwardly-projecting arm, 14, having a portion ofits lower edge cut away, leaving a central depending stud, i3, with anopen space upon each side, bounded by short vertical faces i* and t5,the distance between the latter being equal to the width of thetype-strips G. Upon one side of the clamp-bar I3, near its upper end,is-a pin,

6,- which engages with an actuating-lever, K, presently to be described,said pin projecting through a vertical slot, il, in one of the plates f.It should be noted that the bar I, with its inclosed clamping-bar 13,stands opposite the rear ends of the types, while the bar I stands inthe same vertical plane opposite the faces of the typesf'carried by thestrips G. The bar I forms the forward vert-ical part of f' the secondframe, L', which slides within the frame L, the horizontal bars of thelatter being beveled in opposite directions, while the horizontal barsof the frame L' have outer metallic strips, ZZ, attached thereto andlapping over upon the bars of the frame L, thereby conning the formerwithin the latter, and at the same time permitting each to slideindependently. The bar l' is composed of two vertical and parallelplates, 'i8 and i, separated by a space about equal to the width of thematrixstrip, which is fed between them. Upon the forward edge of eachplate, respectively, is an inwardly-projecting fiange, '10 and in,forming a support for the margin of the matrix-strip M. The flange tupon the strip i9 is considerably thicker than the ange im, and thevertical edge ofthe plate if lies nearer the type-strips than the edgeof the plate i8, lthe diiference being equal to the height at which thetype-face stands above the type-shoulder. The distance between the inneredges of the iianges 1 and tu is also equal to the height of thetype-faces, thereby exposing only that portion of the matrix-strip uponwhich the types act. The outer and inner edges of the flange 1 are cutaway, as shown at i, Fig. 3, to permit the body of the type to passbeyond the former, and allow the face of the type to project beyond theinner faces of the ianges upon which IOO IIO

the matrix-strip rests, in order to produce the` y required impressionupon the latter. The frames L and L', as already described, slide, theformer within grooves in the plates A A', and the latter within thefirst-named and larger frame. Their movement, which is simultaneous, issuch as to cause the bars Land I' to approach and recede from .eachother` alternately. Normally these bars are held at their widestinterval of separation by a coiled spring, 15, having one end fastenedto the rear of the frame L and the other end to a pin upon the frame L.They are moved toward each other by the following mechanism:

Upon the lower side of the upper plate A' is placed a drop-bearing, I,upon which is pivoted a lever, Il. To this lever, and upon oppositesides of its fulcrum, are pivoted connecting-rods I8 and I9, the formerbeing attached to the frame L and the latter to the frame L. Theprojecting end of the lever carries a friction-roll, which engages atregular intervals with a cam, l0, upon the camshaft O. This cam is shownin detail in Fig. 10. It has a cam-surface, by which the th row of thelever I7 is effected, and a surface, formed in the arc of the circledescribed from the aXisof the cam-shaft, upon which the friction-rollrides, holding the lever motionless until the roll rides off. The actionof the lever, as will be seen from Fig. l, pushes the frames in oppositedirect-ions, causing the bars I and I to approach each other until theyloccupy the position shown in Fig. la.

The function of the bars I and Iis as follows: When the type-strips havebeen shifted to the eXtreme left, and when the selection of type andspacings has been completed, beginning with the lower type-strip andtaking a single type or a single quadrat from each strip in succession,it becomes necessary to bring the selected type into vertical alignmentwith each other and opposite the matrix-strip in preparation for theimpression to be made upon the latter. For this purpose the type-stripsare now shifted by mechanism hereinafter described toward the right. Thebars I and I being at this time separated by the action of the springI5, there is sucient interval between them to allow the passage of allthose type which, not having been acted upon by the type-pins b5, havenot been projected out of rank. The selected type, however, having beenpushed out toward the bar I, will, after passing the plate is, strikethe plate i, as shown in Fig. 3, arresting the movement of thetype-strip in which said type is carried, the cord F, by which the stripis moved, slipping upon the actuating-roll F2. As the shifting of thestrip continues, the selected type will be brought one after anotherinto the same vertical line, their tops abutting against the shoulder iupon the plate if. At this moment the cam 10 engages with thelever Il,drawing the bars I and I toward each other, the bottoms of the selectedtypes entering the channel 'i2 in the clamping bar I3, which is carriedby the bar I, and the faces of said type entering the space between theflanges @"0 and i until their shoulders rest in the recess 12in theilange im. As the bars continue to approach, the selected types arepushed back in the typestrips until they stand in rank with the others.The bars I and I/ now halt,the position ofthe parts being shown in Fig.I, It will be seen that the selected types are firmly supported againstall movement, either in the direction of their length or transverselythereto. Simultaneously with the locking of the types within the bars Iand I they are clamped together by the descent of the clamping-bar I3.This bar,as already mentioned,is actuated by a lever, K, pivoted to therear bar of the frame L, and operated by a cam, 9, upon the camshaft O.This cam (shown in Fig) is provided with two camsurfaces, yy, and aholding-surface,y, and is timed to act with the cam 10. As the firstcamsurface, y, engages with the lever K, its slotted end,which is inengagement with the pin i upon the bar I3,is thrown downward, drivingthe arm I* against the upper typestrip and forcibly compressing the typebrought into vertical alignment upon one another until the friction rollupon the lever rides upon the holding-surface y. Vhile its friction-rollZ2 is traveling thereon the type are held clamped together and locked bythe bars I and I', as already described, and during this time theimpression is made upon the matrix-strip. The quadrate or spacing-blockscarried in each type-strip are of usual form, as shown at N ingFig. 21.They are mounted upon or connected with said strips by means of plates aof elastic metal attached longitudinally, having their ends bent upwardor away from the quadrat, and with a T-head upon each end,whieh engageswith the nibs c c of one of the plates C upon the type-strip, allowingthe quadrat to hang from the strip C with an interval between the two.The object of this construction will be explained hereinafter. In theselection of the type the quadrats are thrown out by the typepins b5 farenough to be brought into engagement with the bar I', their ends lyingin the line of the typeshoulders.

I have already mentioned in the opening part of this specification thatone object of my invention is to provide mechanism whereby a single lineor an integral part of a single line of matter may be set up, spaced,and then justied before the impression is made upon the matrix-strip.

Previous to myinvcntion it has been customary to effect the successiveimpressions upon the strip and cut it into lengths, which were placed injustifying-plates, and the neoessary spacing being added by hand, whichgreatly added to the labor and time required. In every line or part of aline of matter of a given length there will be an average of space,which, while it varies somewhat, will run closely to the average. It isevident that each space may be slight-ly increased or lengthened,provided the change is alike throughout the line, without attractingnotice or affecting the regularity and beauty of the type arrangement.In this manner by slightly increasing or decreasing each space, room maybe aiforded for ending the line or for breaking the last Word when itruns over at the propel-point. Moreover, ifa single line of matter isset up and the type-impressions taken simultaneously, it happens that,as some letters are of double the thickness of others, the line may notonly have to be broken in the middle of a syllable, but that, as thestrip is always fed the same distance by the machine in order to leavean equal interval between the lines, this interval might not only occurin the middle of a word, but in case theline was too full to admit morethan a narrow letter the line would be broken IOO IIO

line.

improperly and the several lines would be of unequal length. In thepresent invention I avoid all these difculties by using spaceblockshaving an elastic connection intermediate betweenit and the type-strip.In setting up, the whole number of quadrats used in a single line beingknown, the operator can readily determine how much additional space willbe afforded by the compression of their elastic attaching devices, and,as the clampingbar by which this compression is effected always moves tothe same point, it is easily known where to break a word or'terminate aBy reference to Fig. 18 it will be seen that as the type are selectedand the end of the line reached the clamping-bar I, being brought down,will compress the spring-plates n upon each quadrat alike or to the samedegree. Therefore, should the line comprise more doubleletters than theaverage, the spacings will be somewhat less than the average,andviceversa. Beingalike,however,throughout the whole line, theappearance is uniform, and the difference will not be distinguishable bythe eye. As the clamping-bar I3 must always compress the line tothesame' length, it will be seen that when a considerable number of wideletters occur in the same line the whole number of type-strips cannot beused. In setting up the line the operator will readily determiney whatspace must be allowed for any preponderance of such letters, and will,in proportion to their number, make no selection from the upper strip,orit may be from the two upper strips, of type. In order to provide forthe compression of the selected types lying in the strips beneath, Islot the end of each strip C, as shown at c, Fig. l, and place no typeon this portion. When the strips are shifted to align the selectedtypes, those strips from which no selection has been made will becarried to the right far enough to bring their slotted ends beneath theclamping-arm I4. As the latter descends the stud i5 passes down throughthe slots c (the plain faces if* and i7 lying against each edge of thestrip) until said stud strikes the upper strip from which a type hasbeen taken. In this manner the compression is effected and the typeclamped without disturbing the type-strips which are not used. After theselected types are locked between the bars I and I and the clamping-barI3 in the manner already described the impression is made in the plasticmatrix-strip in the manner following: The types being in the positionnamed and shown in Fig. l, their faces rest against the matrixstrip M,the ends of the types entering the recess in the bar I a distance equalto the depth of the impression to be made in the strip. Resting againstthe rear face of the matrixstrip, throughout that portion in contactwith the ytypes is an elastic body or substance, m, having equal contactwith every part. As shown in the drawings,this substance is in thenature of a strip of metallic wires, closely placed together and carriedby a strip, m',

which is mounted upon bars m2,carried by a f rock-shaft pivoted inbearings carried by the frame L. Upon an arm rigid with said shaft ismounted an armature, m3, and directly behind the latter is anelectro-magnet, 1, carried by a bracket, 2, on the frame L, and s0arranged that when the types are in position to give an impression thearmature is withdrawn from contact with the poles of the magnet by thematrix being pushed backward' by the types and tilting the bars m2,asseen in Fig. la. The wires of the helix pass from the battery throughbinding-posts 3 3, one of said wires being carried to a contact, 4,where the circuit is interrupted. Opposite this contactpoint is avibratory platinum strip, 5, having a detent or projection, 6, upon itsback,whic'h .engages with serrations 7 upon the cam 9. As the latterrevolves the platinum strip is. brought by each tooth against thecontactpoint 4:, thereby making the circuit and vitalizing the magnet,which instantly attracts the armature m3, causing the brush m to bethrown against the back of the matrix-strip, whichis thereby drivenagainst the types. This operation is repeated at each make and break ofthe circuit until the type have been sunk into its plastic body to therequired depth. It will be seen that as the number of lteeth uponthe cammay be increased or diminished, the number of impactions upon the matrixmay beincreased or decreased, and this number being ICO lpropose beobtained by other than electrical devices. i

The impression in the matrix is made while the friction-roll Z'z of thelever K is riding upon the surface y of the cam 9, the roll upon thelever I7 running during the same period upon the arc w' of the cam l0.As these rolls both ride off at the same moment, the clampingbar I3rises and releases the type at the same time that the bars I and-Iareseparated by the action of the spring I5. The type are thereby whollyreleased, and the parts are in condition to permit the type-strips to beshifted back behind the type-pins for the purpose of a new selection.The shifting of the type-strips is effected in the following manner: Thecords F, which carry the strips C, are operated-by a roll, F2, which isrotated in one direction by a lever, I, pivoted to the lower plate A',the free end of said lever being attached to acord, f, which is coiledon the shaft of the roll F, is thence carried over a sheave, F3, andattached to a weight, WV. The lever P is actuated by a cam, 12, upon thecam-shaft O. This cam is shown in Fig. l2, and hasa continuouscam-surface, z, and a surface, z', in the arc of a true circle struckfrom the axis of the shaft. As the cam rotates in the direction of thearrow, Fig. l, the cam-surface z engages with a friction-roll, p, nearthe middle of the lever P, throwing the lever slowly and steadily towardthe front of the machine, and rotating the roll F2 by the cord f, whichat the same times raises the weight W. The moment the throw of the camis complete its motion is arrested by devices which I am about todescribe, leaving the typestrips shifted inte position in rear of thetype-pins, where they remain until the cam-shaft is againjput in motion.

R represents the main shaft of the machine, carrying abelt-pulley, R',which is driven continuously. Upon the shaft Ris a worm, Fi, meshingwith a worm-gear, It". This gear is formed upon a sleeve, S, loose onthe eam shaft O, and upon the cam-sleeve, and rigid with it, is a ratch,S', a space being left between the latter and the worm gear. Upon thelower end of the cam-shaft O is rigidly mounted an arm, S2, carrying apawl, s, which locks with the ratch S in one direction. When the pawl isin engagement with the ratch and the latter is rotated by the wormgear,the arm S" will be carried around with it and the cam-shaft O will berevolved.

T represents a bell-crank lever, which is pivoted in a bearing beneaththe table A, and has such arrangement that one end lies between the wormgear R3 and the ratch S, a pin, s', being placed thereon in such mannerthat it projects over the ratch and in the path of the pawl s. As thelatter rotates in engagement with the ratch it comes into Contact withthe pin, which, striking the inner edge of the pawl, tips it. Themovement of the arm S2 is at once arrested, and the cam-shaft therebystopped, the pawl remaining upon the pin s', by which it is supportedabove the teeth of the ratch. The parts are so timed that this takesplace at the moment when the typestrips C are all shifted over behindthe typepins and in position for the selection of type for the nextimpression. By the tripping of the pawl the revolution of the cam-shaftO is arrested at this point, and the parts remain motionless until theselection is completel, when the strips are in readiness to be shiftedtoward the right to bring the selected types into alignment. To effectthis, the operator presses a lever, T, at the left of the keys,downward. This lever is pivoted bem ath the platform A, and has a cord,t, attached to it and leading over sheaves t and t, with its end screwedto the bell-crank lever T. Tension upon this cord by the depression ofthe lever T rocks the lever T against the force of a spring, t3, anddraws the pin s from under the pawl s, causing it to again engage withthe rateh S and start the cam-shaft O. The pawl s is thrown down by aleaf-spring, s", mounted upon the endof the arm Si, and when the pin sis withdrawn from beneath it, the lever T being restored to its originalposition by the spiral spring t3, the pin s strikes the back of the pawland aids the spring in effecting its engagement with the ratch. Theeamshaft being started, the cam 12, which isholding the lever P upon itshighest eain-surfaee, continues its rotation and slowly restores thelever to its original position, dropping the weight'V, and causing areverse movement of the roll F2, thereby causing the cords F to shiftthe type-strips to bring the selected types into alignment. As each typecomes in contact with the bar I the strip which carries it is arrested,the cord slipping upon the roll F2. When the friction-roll upon theleverI) reaches the surface a of the cam l2, the types will have beenaligned, the bars I and I locking them in front and rear, theclamping-bar I3 will have been forced down, and the impressing deviceswill begin to act, their operation continuing duringthe time saidfriction-roll traverses the surface z', after which the cams 9 and l()will release the types, and the cam l2 will again act upon the lever I,shifting the typestrips behind the type-pins, at which moment thecam-shaft will be stopped in the manner described, and the operationsalready set forth will be repeated.

The matrix-strip M is fed downward between eaeh type-impression by thefollowing devices: Beneath the platform is a drum, V, having a channelin its periphery equal in width to the width of the impressed portion ofthe inatrixstrip, the margin upon each side of said channel bearing uponthe unimpressed borders of the strip. This drum has bearing in one arniof a forked bracket, V, and in the other arm is jonrnaled anidle-pulley, e, bearing against the rear face of the matrix-strip andgiving it frictional contact with the channeled drum V. The latter isrevolved by a cord-pulley, V2, upon the same shaft, having a pawl, al,pivoted to it, and engaging with a notch in a disk, o, also upon theIsame shaft. and rigid therewith, as are the drum V and pulley V2. Thecord et, which operates the latter, is provided with a weight, W, and iscarried from the pulley over sheaves e5 and o to the lever I?. As theweight W drops and the lever is drawn toward the cam-shaft Othe drum Visrotated, and the strip Mis fed downward a sufficient distance topresent a new surface for I[he next impression.

I have already described the mechanism by which the type-pins are raisedduring the process of selecting the types. \Vhen the process iscompleted, it is necessary to drop them again in readiness for the nextselection. This is accomplished by raising the weight D, when the rod B,which carries the type-pin frame B5, will descend by gravity as 'far asthe slaekening of the cord D will permit. The weight W is raised in thefollowing manner: Vhen the type-pins have been raised into the plane ofthe upper type-strip, the weight D will have dropped nearly low enoughto rest upon a supporting-bracket, D, which has a curved arm, D, pivotedbeneath the table A. To the bracket D is attached a cord, D5, which isearried vertically to one end of a lever, D, pivoted at its other end tolugs upon the table A,

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and having a roll, d2, which engages with al cam, 11, on the cam-shaftO. This cam has a. cam-surface, fw, terminating in a shoulder, w. Whilethe type-strips are being shifted into the position shown in Fig. l therolld2 upon the lever D6 is traveling on the rising camsurfaee w,lifting the bracket and raising the weight D, thereby allowing thedescent of the type-pin frame. At the time the impressing mechanismbegins to act said roll rides off the shoulder w', dropping the bracketD3 toits lowest point, leaving the weight suspended at the point towhich it has been raised.

A description of the operation of this machine as a whole would comprisea repetition of the recitals of function already given. ,I

will therefore merely state that the first step is the selection of thetypes by means of the key-levers, during which the cam-shaft is arrestedand the mechanism remains motionless.` Vhen the selection is complete,the operator depresses the lever T, thereby withdrawing the pin s frombeneath the pawl s, dropping the latter into engagement with the ratch Sand starting the cam-shaft. The cam l2, acting upon the lever P, shiftsthe strips toward the right, aligning the selected types, whereupon thecams 9 and l() act simultaneously, actuating the locking-bars I and Iand the clamping-bar I3. This operation being completed, the serratedborder of the cam 9 makes the circuit of the magnet and effects thecompression of the matrix during the time the cams 9,10, and 12 areholding the levers K, 17, and P upon their surfaces y', and e,respectfully. When said levers pass off these'surfaces,the types areunlocked and the -fstrips shifted back behind the typepins fo'ranewtype-selection. The moment they are in position therefor the cam-shaftis 'automatically arrested, as already described.

During the shifting of the strips after each selection the cam-actuatedlever P draws the cord e* over the pulley V2, advancing the matrix M toreceive the next impression. At the same time the cam l1 raises thelever D, lifting the weight D,and allowing the type-pin frame to fall tobring it into position for the next selection.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is l. The combination,substantially as described, in a machine for producing type-impressions,of type-selecting devices, a series of type-carrying strips, mechanismfor shifting said strips into engagement with the selecting devices andto bring the selected types into alignment, and locking-bars forsupporting thelatter, one of said bars having a projecting flange withwhich the selected types engage as the strips are shifted, arresting themotion of the latter, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with keys and the type-carrying strips arranged oneabove another, of intermediate type-pins carried in a frame havingvertical adjustment, and mechanism, substantially as described, formoving said frame after each type-selection to bring it opposite thesucceeding type-strip, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the type-strips, of bars between which saidstrips pass, by which both ends of the selected type are locked, aclamping-bar moving vertically and compressing the line of selectedtype, and mechanism, substantially as described, wherebyvthelocking-bars and the clamping-bar are engaged with and disengaged fromthe selected types, substantially as described.

4. The combinatiomwith the selecting mechanism, of the typestrips,devices, substantially as described, forV shifting said strips,locking-bars for supporting and a clamping,- bar for compressing theselected types, and mechanism, substantially as described, forimpressing a plastic strip uponA the types.

5. The combination, with the type-strips,of n

movable types and quad rats arranged therein, and elastic connectionsintermediate between each quadrat and the strip by which it is carried,substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the type -strips having movable types and quadrats connected therewith in the manner set forth,of mechanism,substantially as described, for bringing the selected types intoalignment, and a clamping-bar whereby they are compressed by the yieldof theelastic connections of the quadrats into a line ofa given length,substantially as described.

7. The combination,with the type-strips, of

cords attached to each end, sheaves over which said cords pass to anactuating-roll, and devices, substantially as described, for rotatingsaid roll alternately in opposite directions, substantially asdescribed.

.8. The combination, with the type-pins, of

pass, with transverse channels registering with said perforations andadapted to support one end of the strips during the process of selectingthe type, substantially as described.

' l0. The combination, with the type-strips,

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of the shifting-roll, a weighted cord actuating the saine, a leveroperating said cord, a cam actuating said lever in both directions, andmechanism, substantially as described, for arresting the movement ofsaid cam when it has thrown the lever in one direction.

1l. The combination, with the type-carrying strips, of the locking-barsIand l', mounted upon frames L and L, sliding in opposite directions,the lever Il, having rods pivoted upon each side of its fulcrum and tosaid frames, and a cam operating said lever at stated intervals,substantially as described.

12. The combination, with the type-strips and their shifting mechanism,of the bar I, having the plates is and i, provided with the flanges imand i, respectively, the bar I, carrying the clamping-bar I3, havingchannel i2, and mechanism, substantially as described, for operating thesame, as set forth.

13. The combination, with the type-strips, of types arranged atintervals thereon, quadrats connected'with each strip by an elasticplate, n, whereby said quadrats are suspended from each strip with aspace between, and a clamping-bar adapted to compress the selected typesagainst the tension of said elastic quadrat-connections, substantiallyas described.

14. The combination, with the frame L',

carrying the bar I', within which the matrixstrip is fed, of compressingmechanism, substantially as described, acting upon the rear face of thematrix-strip by a series of impactions thereon applied to the entiresurface simultaneously, substantially as described. p 15. Thecombination, with the type-strips C, having slots c in one end, of theclampingbar I3, having arm I, with downwardly-extending studsubstantially as described.

16. The combination, with the type-strips C, having plates provided withnibs c c, attached at regular intervals, of the types ci, having groovesc3 in their upper and lower sides to receive said nibs, substantially asdescribed.

17. The combination, with the block I', of an impressing device mountedupon a lever pivoted to the frame L, said lever having an armature, anelectro-magnet having its poles arranged to attract said armature,anddevices, substantially as described, for successively interrupting thecurrent which vitalizes the magnet, substantially as described.

18. The combination, with the type-pin frame B5, of the rod B6, havingserrations b, formed upon opposite sides and alternating with eachother, the bell-crank levers E and E, both coupled to a singleconnecting-rod, c, and having toothed ends which engage with theserrations bl, and the rod c2, arranged bcneath the keys B2,substantially as described.

19. The combination, with the verticallyadjustable type-pin frame havinga support? ing-rod, B6, ofthe cord D, weight D', liftingarm D, cord D5,lever D6, and cam 11, substantially as described.

20. In combination, substantially as described and shown, of a series oftype adapted to be placed in line, aseries of yielding quads or spacingdevices adapted for introduction between the aligned type, clamps actingagainst the ends ofthe line to contine the type between them, andmechanism, substantially as described, for approximating said clamps,whereby the line is justified or reduced in length to the predeterminedlimit.

21. In a machine of the type herein described, tlie type and theircarrying devices, the yielding quads and their carrying devices. clampsacting to compress the selected and aligned type lengthwise of the line,and mechanism, substantially as described, for operating said clampssubsequent to the alignment, whereby the types and quads are left freeduring the process of alignment and subsequently compressed to reducethe length of the line.

22. In combination with longitudinallymovable bars, each provided with aseries of transversely-movable type, clamps, as I2 and I4, to confinethe aligned type in one direction, and clamps, as I and I3, to confinethem in a different direction.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

' OTT. MERGENTHALER. Vitnesses:

JAMES L. NoRRrs, J. A. RUTHERFORD.

